Of the available on-line biomass assays, the radio-frequency impedance method (often referred to as capacitance) is generally regarded as the most robust and reliable method to monitor viable biomass ...

Viable cell count (VCC), a critical parameter in both microbial and mammalian cell cultures, fluctuates during batch and fed-batch cultures. VCC is determined conventionally through sampling and ...

An oscilloscope and a device under test (DUT) constitute a de-facto system. In it, the most overlooked element is the interface between the two: the oscilloscope’s probes. Test personnel simply grab ...

Depending upon the distance between the surface of a capacitance probe and a target source, the electrical capacitance that is formed between these two objects will vary. In an effort to improve ...