There are substantial technical, political, and financial obstacles to starting the colonization of Mars within the next few decades. SpaceX is farther along than most toward this ambitious goal.

For more than a century, popular culture has promised that humanity will spread effortlessly across the Solar System, turning ...

Temple Beth El in Williamsburg was recently once again a forum for a Sunday lecture. This time it was Dr. Joel Levine, who spent 41 years as a senior research scientist in the Science Directorate at ...

For years, popular culture has treated a human settlement on Mars as an almost inevitable next chapter, a matter of engineering and willpower rather than fundamental limits. Astrophysicist Neil ...

In an interview earlier this year, Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, delivered a sobering assessment of Earth’s future, suggesting it may not be able to support humanity for much longer. SpaceX ...

Robert Zubrin, Presiden of the Mars Society, has developed an updated Mars plan that builds on his original Mars Direct proposal. This new plan integrates modern spaceflight technologies, such as ...

Biological limits A sustainable Mars colony will need to include raising children there, but childbirth would be very risky on Mars. (Courtesy: iStock/Denis Art) “It’s hard to say when exactly sending ...

It is 2025, and we are making the necessary steps to colonize Mars. That is the set-up to Red Planet, a sci-fi movie that is now 25 years old and manages to feel lightly optimistic, despite being ...