Duke Energy is evaluating the use of a point to point digital secondary system to reduce the amount of copper utilized in traditional substation protection designs. Physically large substations with ...

Phase-shifting transformers play an important role to control the power flow within our modern networks that include more and more renewable energy sources. The most important protection principle for ...

One of the major challenges in communications system design is to successfully capture signals with adequate fidelity. In order to avoid the effects of blockers, signal distortion, and sensitivity ...

The Red Eléctrica de España (REE) high-voltage transmission system includes existing circuits that comprise mainly overhead lines with short sections of underground cable. To comply with environmental ...