Volcanoes can erupt suddenly, but satellite technology now detects hidden ground shifts and heat changes. This helps scientists monitor remote volcanoes where ground sensors are scarce. These advanced ...

Volcanoes erupt because hot, melted rock from deep inside the Earth finds a way to reach the surface. This melted rock is called magma, and it forms when parts of the Earth’s mantle become so hot that ...

The explosiveness of a volcanic eruption depends on how many gas bubbles form in the magma – and when. Until now, it was thought that gas bubbles were formed primarily when the ambient pressure ...