This is Part 1 of a three-part series. As modern wireless communications systems (mainly superheterodyne radio transceivers) are now required to deliver higher performance than ever before, they’re ...
In the audio world, the debate over closed-loop versus open-loop architectures has raged on for many years. Depending on the end-application or customer preference, valid arguments for both ...
A special technique produces very wide loop BWs in high-frequency PLLs (and hence, indirect (PLL) synthesizers), thereby achieving very low phase noise rivaling that of direct (MMD) synthesizers. A ...