No living cell, to paraphrase John Donne, is an island. Even cells that qualify as complete organisms—unicellular organisms—can benefit from interactions with other cells. And mutual dependence is ...

The Nature Index 2025 Research Leaders — previously known as Annual Tables — reveal the leading institutions and countries/territories in the natural and health sciences, according to their output in ...

The discovery of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) changed the way we view and understand growth-factor signaling. From early on, it became clear that PI3K plays an important role in many disease ...

PI3K signaling pathways. Upon activation by RTK, GPCR, Integrin, and Ras, p110 loses inhibition by p85 and converts PIP2 to PIP3. PIP3 recruits AKT to the cell membrane, where AKT is activated through ...

The regeneration of a signaling molecule, phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2), is not as simple as it was thought to be. Experimental work and mathematical modelling show that the decades-old ...

Perhaps no topic is hotter in Alzheimer disease molecular research today than the synaptic effects of amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers. These toxic assemblies disrupt synaptic function, and are leading ...

The second-most common form, meanwhile, is vascular dementia, which is related to the blood flow to our brains. Heart health seems to be key to preventing most forms of dementia. Now, new research has ...