Sample size calculations for a continuous outcome require specification of the anticipated variance; inaccurate specification can result in an underpowered or overpowered study. For this reason, ...

Sampling designs and estimation procedures are considered for the spatial variogram when no information on magnitude or scale of variation of a spatial variable is available. Design-based solutions to ...

In a simple random sample, each individual in the population has an equal probability of being chosen. Additionally, each sample of size n has an equal probability of being the chosen sample. This ...

Mary Hall is a editor for Investopedia's Advisor Insights, in addition to being the editor of several books and doctoral papers. Mary received her bachelor's in English from Kent State University with ...

Suggested Citation: "5 Sampling and Estimation." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Reengineering the Census Bureau's Annual Economic Surveys. Washington, DC: The ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...