The cranioplasty from Peru, dating to around 400 CE, is a notable example of ancient surgical skill. This early surgical procedure involved the implantation of a gold inlay into the skull, a technique used to repair skull fractures or deformities. The patient, whose skull was found with the gold inlay, survived the operation, as evidenced by the well-healed condition of the cranioplasty. The gold inlay was carefully crafted and fitted into the skull, showcasing the high level of precision and cr