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1. Understanding Cloning – Cloning involves creating genetically identical copies of organisms or cells, a process that occurs naturally and can be replicated artificially.  2. Types of Cloning – There are three main types: gene cloning (copying DNA segments), reproductive cloning (producing identical organisms), and therapeutic cloning (generating tissues for medical purposes).  3. Reproductive Cloning Process – This method uses somatic cell nuclear transfer, where the nucleus of a donor cell